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TS 16949: QS-9000 杀手!
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by Chad
Kymal, President-Omnex
由乍得 Kymal , President-Omnex
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The International Automotive Track Force
(IATF) appears to be on track to release the second edition of
TS 16949 with ISO 9001:2000 in 2002 as planned. In fact, indications
are that they may even be ahead of schedule. The next planned
event is an IATF vote in Paris, France in June, 2001 for the final
approval of the draft. The industry expects little or no change
from the current draft. After the vote in June, then the document
will make its way to the ISO/TC 176 for a 75% approval vote from
member bodies.
国际的汽车的轨道力量 ( IATF ) 当计划,好象要在在 2002 与国际标准组织 9001:2000 释放 TS 16949
的第二版本的轨道上。事实上, 指示是他们可以甚至提前是。下一个计划的事件是在巴黎的一张 IATF 投票, 在为草稿的最后的赞同的
2001 年 6 月的法国。工业从当前的草稿期望很少或没有变化。在在 6 月的投票以后,从成员身体投票然后这个文件将去为 75%
赞同的国际标准组织 /TC 176 。
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The Industry Eagerly Awaits
工业急切地等候 |
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QS-9000 registered companies are eagerly
awaiting the second edition of TS-16949. The industry did not
see much registration activity with TS 16949 first edition. Most
QS-9000 registered companies realized that the shelf life of TS
16949 first edition would be short and that it would soon be replaced
by the ISO 9001:2000 version of the standard. Most companies that
Omnex and AQSR (a TS 16949 registrar) talked to were of that opinion.
QS-9000 登记了公司急切地正在等候 TS-16949 的第二版本。工业没与 TS 16949 第一编辑看见许多登记活动。TS
16949 第一编辑的架生活将是短的并且它将不久被标准的国际标准组织 9001:2000 版本代替的公司认识到了的登记的大多数
QS-9000 。大多数公司 Omnex 和 AQSR ( 一个 TS 16949 登记官 ) 与谈话了有那条意见。
Very soon there will be an avalanche
of companies implementing and registering to this new standard.
We believe that the registration, training and implementation
activity will be similar to when QS-9000 was first adopted. However,
most companies are wiser- having been through a registration process
already. We are quite convinced that most QS-9000 companies will
take another look at their registration body. Good companies want
registrars that can add true value to the audit instead of "yes"
men.
很不久将有实现并且登记到这个新标准的公司的雪崩。我们相信登记, 训练并且实现活动将类似 QS-9000 首先被接受于什么时候。然而,
大多数公司是更明智的 -- 已经通过一个登记过程。我们相当被确信那个大多数 QS-9000 公司将拿另外一个看他们的登记身体。好公司想要能把真实的价值加到审计而不是“是”的登记官人。
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Registration and Registrars
登记和登记官 |
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The IATF has short-listed a group of
43 registrars that they would like organizations to work with.
The registrars were chosen because they do a considerable amount
of QS-9000 registrations and because of their good quality records.
Please note that www.iaob.org lists all of the recommended registrars.
If your registrar is not on the list then you will want to find
a new registrar from this list.
IATF 有短表他们想组织工作与的一组 43 个登记官。因为他们做 QS-9000 登记并且因为他们的好质量唱片的可观的数量,登记官被选择。请注意
www.iaob.org 列出推荐的登记官的所有。如果你的登记官不在表上然后你将想要从这发现一个新的登记官,列出。
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The Demise of QS-9000?
QS-9000 的遗赠? |
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QS-9000 is not getting upgraded to ISO
9001:2000, as clearly indicated by the IATF. QS-9000 has integrated
ISO 9001:1994 into its body. TC 176 has given all ISO companies
until 2003 to upgrade to the new release of ISO 9001:2000. After
2003, QS-9000 registrations will cease to have international standing
with the ISO body. QS-9000 companies really do not have a choice
but to upgrade to TS 16949 with ISO 9001:2000. The second edition
of TS 16949 will probably lead to the slow demise of the QS-9000
Standard.
QS-9000 不正在得到被升级了到国际标准组织 9001:2000 , 作为清楚地由 IATF 显示了。QS-9000 有综合的国际标准组织
9001:1994 进它的身体。TC 176 给了所有的国际标准组织公司直到 2003 升级到国际标准组织 9001:2000
的新版本。在 2003 以后, QS-9000 登记将停止有国际与国际标准组织身体站。QS-9000 公司确实没有选择但是与国际标准组织
9001:2000 升级到 TS 16949 。TS 16949 的第二版本将可能导致 QS-9000 标准的慢遗赠。
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The Problems of an Automotive Technical Specification
一个汽车的技术的说明的问题 |
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The TS 16949 first edition and the second
edition have the title- "Quality Management Systems - Automotive
Suppliers-Particular requirements for the application of ISO 9001:2000".
This is a problem in many respects. Firstly, it seems to exclude
Automotive OEMs, many of whom have adopted QS-9000. It also appears
to exclude vehicle assembly plants. Of course, there is a running
battle within the OEMs, where the assembly plants carry the most
clout and often successfully resist any efforts by internal quality
departments from imposing standards on them.
TS 16949 第一个版本和第二版本有标题 -- “质量管理系统 - 为国际标准组织 9001:2000" 的申请的汽车的供应商特别的要求。这是在许多方面的一个问题。第一,
它似乎排除汽车的初始设备制造厂家, 许多谁接受了 QS-9000 。它好象要也排除车辆装配车间。当然, 在初始设备制造厂家以内有一场跑的战斗,
在此装配车间带最多的破布并且成功地经常从在他们上强加标准由内部的质量部门抵抗任何努力。
The biggest problems are for suppliers
in steel, glass, or semiconductors, who supply many markets including
automotive industry. Those suppliers who have adopted QS-9000
will now find themselves adopting an Automotive Supplier Standard.
Suppliers for whom the automotive industry is not a large percentage
of sales will have a difficult time explaining to management why
they are adopting an automotive supplier standard. This is especially
true of the semiconductor industry. No self respecting semiconductor
company would admit that they are following an automotive standard.
****的问题为在钢,玻璃,或半导体的供应商, 包括汽车的工业供应许多市场。接受了 QS-9000 的人,将现在发现自己接受一个汽车的供应商标准的那些供应商。汽车的工业不为其是出售的一个大的百分比的供应商将让一困难的时间向管理解释他们为什么正在接受一个汽车的供应商标准。这半导体工业是特别真实的。尊重半导体公司的没有自我将承认他们正在跟随一个汽车的标准。
To get around this problem, it is better
to refer to QS-9000 or TS 16949 as a low PPM standard rather than
an Automotive Supplier Standard. Any organization interested in
low PPM can adopt TS-16949.
在这个问题附近得到,作为一个低的百万分率标准而非一个汽车的供应商标准参考 QS-9000 或 TS 16949 ,是好一些的。在低的百万分率感兴趣的任何组织能接受
TS-16949 。
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Structure of TS 16949, Second Edition
TS 16949第2版的结构 |
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As expected, the structure of TS 16949,
second edition is based on ISO 9001:2000. The entire ISO 9001:2000,
including the introduction section, is a part of TS-16949, second
edition. TS 16949 additions like 4.1.1.2 Objectives in the first
edition are inserted into the analogous areas of ISO 9001:2000.
By way of example, 4.0 Quality Management System integration with
TS 16949 is shown below.
当期望, TS 16949 的结构, 第 2 版本基于国际标准组织 9001:2000 。全部国际标准组织 9001:2000
, 包括介绍节, 是 TS-16949 的部分, 第 2 版本。象在第一个版本的 4.1.1.2 目的一样的 TS 16949
增加被插入到国际标准组织 9001:2000 的类似的区域。通过例子,与 TS 16949 的 4.0 质量管理系统集成被显示出在下面。
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4 . 质量管理系统
A snapshot of the additions
增加的一张快照
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ISO 9001:2000
国际标准组织 9001:2000 |
TS 16949
(All are additions to ISO 9001:2000)
TS 16949 ( 都是国际标准组织 9001:2000 的增加) |
Current
TS16949
当前的 TS16949 |
4.1 General
requirements
4.1 一般的要求 |
Note relating
to subcontracting added, similar to last sentence in 4.4.8.3
Prototype Programme
联系到亚合同的笔记增加了, 类似到在 4.4.8.3 的最后一个句子原型计划 |
4.2.1
4.2.1 |
4.2 Documentation
requirements 4.2.1 General
4.2 文档要求 4.2.1 将军 |
Note relating
to additional documentation requirements replaces 4.2.2.2
Quality System Documentation in first edition
联系到附加的文档要求的笔记在第一个版本代替 4.2.2.2 质量系统文档 |
4.2.2.1
4.2.2.1
4.2.2.2
4.2.2.2 |
4.2.2 Quality
Manual
4.2.2 质量手册 |
No additions,
Note from TS-16949 first edition missing
没有增加, 从失踪的 TS-16949 第一编辑注意 |
4.2.1
4.2.1 |
4.2.3 Control
of Documents
文件的 4.2.3 控制 |
4.2.3.1
Engineering Specifications, two notes from TS-16949 first
edition is missing
4.2.3.1 工程说明, 从 TS-16949 第一编辑的 2 笔记正在错过 |
4.5.1,4.5.2.1,4.5.2.2
4.5.1,4.5.2.1,4.5.2.2
4.5.3
4.5.3 |
4.2.4 Control
of Records
唱片的 4.2.4 控制 |
2 Notes
added (retained from first edition)
2 笔记增加了 ( 从第一个版本保留了)
4.2.4.1 Records Retention
4.2.4.1 记录保留 |
4.16.1
4.16.1
4.16.2
4.16.2 |
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Any Surprises?
任何吃惊? |
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In the new standard, ISO 17025 will
not be required for internal laboratories. Furthermore, external
labs might already have evidence of customer or second party assessment
to ISO 17025 or its national equivalent. The impact of the change
to the standard will impact many internal and external labs who
have completed or are working on the 17025 certification.
在新标准,国际标准组织 17025 将不为内部的实验室被要求。而且, 外部的实验室可能已经有顾客或秒的证据到国际标准组织 17025
的聚会评价或它的国家的等价物。到标准的变化的影响将影响许多内部并且外部的实验室完成了或在 17025 证明上正在工作。
At a minimum the second edition says-
"the supplier shall be compliant to ISO 9001:2000." The ramifications
of this addition are immense; it impacts all suppliers to the
organization including service suppliers that have an impact on
"subsequent product realization or the final product." (7.4.1).
至少第二版本说 -- “供应商将对国际标准组织 9001:2000 顺从。”这增加的分枝是巨大的;它包括影响的服务供应商影响所有的供应商到组织“随后的产品实现或最后的产品。”(
7.4.1 ) 。
The third big surprise is no surprise:
The IATF is wrestling with the direction that the TC/176 has taken
in regard to documentation. In 4.2.2.2, TS 16949 asked the organization
to document all the requirements of the standard. The IATF has
not decided what to do about documentation in this draft and has
labeled it as a "parking lot" issue.
第 3 大吃惊不是吃惊:IATF 与 TC/176 收进了问候到文档的方向正在摔跤。在 4.2.2.2 , TS 16949
要求了组织记录标准的所有的要求。IATF 没决定在这篇草稿关于文档做什么并且作为一个“停车场”把它标记了问题。
There are many other small to medium
changes that require mention-no requirement for 100% on-time delivery,
no mention of APQP, and no mention of linearity, bias, discrimination
or stability with MSA.
有到要求的变化提及的媒介小的许多其它 -- 为 100% 在时间上交货的没有要求,不 APQP 提及,并且不与 MSA 线性,偏爱,辨别或稳定性提及。
The second edition has all but abandoned
the sanctioned interpretations that were added to QS-9000, 3rd
edition. For example, one of the sanctioned interpretations examined
whether control plans needed to include anything more than special
characteristics. The answer was that any controls used in the
plant needed to be included in the control plan. This showed up
in the first edition of TS 16949 as "卨ist on the control plan
the controls used for process control." Now it is missing in the
second edition. Also missing are a few important words about problem
solving that required the disciplined problem solving method to
have the following at a minimum - problem identification, containment,
root cause identification, and verification of corrective action.
第二版本都有但是放弃了被加到 QS-9000 的批准的解释, 第三个版本。例如, 批准的解释之一检验了控制计划是否需要了多于特殊的特征包括任何东西。答案是任何控制在被需要了在控制计划被包括的工厂使用了。当,这在在
TS 16949 的第一个版本上面显示出了“在控制在进程控制使用了的控制计划上的表。”现在它在第二版本是失踪的。也错过是关于要求了
disciplined 解决问题方法至少有下列的解决问题的一些重要的词 - 问题鉴定, 抑制,根原因鉴定,并且校正的行动的证实。
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Anything New?
新的任何东西? |
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Yes, there are a few new additions that
were not there in the previous edition. Of course, the additions
vis-a'-vis ISO 9001:2000 are significant. But over and above the
ISO 9001:2000 additions, new TS 16949 changes have also shown
up.
是的, 有一些新增加,不在先前的编辑在那里。当然, 增加 vis-a'-vis 国际标准组织 9001:2000 是重要的。但是在
9001:2000 增加上并且在国际标准组织上面,新的 TS 16949 变化也显示出了起来。
Part two of this article will explore
the changes and new additions in TS 16949 Second edition in greater
detail. Part Three will explore the challenges of implementing
and auditing this new standard.
这篇文章的部分 2 将第二在 TS 16949 探索变化和新增加在更大的详细的编辑。第 3 部分将探索实现并且审计这个新标准的挑战。
Chad Kymal is President, consultant,
and trainer for Omnex. He is on the Malcolm Baldrige Board of
Examiners and has a BSME from General Motors Institute, and has
an MS degree in Industrial Operations Engineering and an MBA from
the University of Michigan. Contact him at ckymal@omnex.com
乍得 Kymal 是总统,顾问,并且为 Omnex 的训练员。他在检查人的 Malcolm Baldrige 板上并且从一般的马达有一
BSME 开创,并且从密歇根大学在工业的操作工程和一 MBA 有 MS 度。在 ckymal@omnex.com 联系他
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轿车工业
越来越多的中国人拥有汽车或汽车梦,这个潜在的庞大市场吸引海内外汽车制造商的进入,加入世界贸易组织(WTO)意味着中国市场面向世界开放。 |
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客车世界
高速公路网的建设以及城市公共交通服务水平的改善,中国巴士和客车的需求正不断地增长,《客车世界》资料的有偿服务将为你工作提供帮助。 |
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卡车天地
商用卡车一直在中国运输产业中起着重要作用,如何从质量、油耗、寿命和故障等方面考虑选择使用卡车却是一个新课题。 |
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摩托车界
中国是自行车的王国,也是全球****的摩托车制造商。当自行车逐渐被摩托车所取代后,电动自行车的市场前景究竟有多大? |
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